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Not entering the discussion so you can start twisting your words to not mean what you wrote and what not. Been there, done that. Wrote the guidebook. Done with it.
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I reacted to the statement that rain water is pure water. This is not true and does NOT depend on where it falls.

Hi, new photo attached. I live in the south of the U.K. and for last 4 weeks or so we have had decent weather. Temp 12 - 25 deg so I don’t think it’s frost etc unless the effects of the frost from a few weeks ago are showing now? Is that a possibility? Last watered 2 days ago and if I press the soil it is still quite wet. Thanks again for help

PS. Pot is positioned in direct sunlight between 11am to 3pm otherwise shaded. Same position for last 12 months. Thanks

Looks very much like unhealthy roots. Could be the density of the substrate, which seems like potting soil, that stays wet too long. How the other 2 are not affected, not sure.

I think I would indeed take this one out, and pot it up separately. Do you have kanuma for it? I have found it to make a big difference (I have an azalea that struggeled last year and decided to take it out of the ugly muck and into kanuma; Now it is dark green and full of buds) Else, a good potting soil should work too but.. I find that for many types the structure deteriorate very quickly and avoid it now.

It’s currently in half Akadama and half bonsai soil. I have ordered some Kanuma which is due to arrive this week. But will take your advice and remove the tree. Thank you

leatherback wrote: Not entering the discussion

I totally dissagree that i not entered the discussion. I am sure I did. You state it as a fact, but it is 100 % wrong.

Do you see what I just did? Ripping a statement out of its content. Focus on one single phrase instead of trying to understand the whole post. That really dont add any value whatsoever and confuse People.

Rain water is soft water. Do you agree or dissagree?

paulito64 wrote: It’s currently in half Akadama and half bonsai soil. I have ordered some Kanuma which is due to arrive this week. But will take your advice and remove the tree. Thank you

Good luck ..
I find azalea to be tricky to keep happy which is why I only have a few of them

Thank you!

Tropfrog wrote:

leatherback wrote: I disagree with things stated as facts when in fact, they are not.

Yes, and pulling out fractions of statements to twist it as much as possible to make it look like wrong. This really confuse People.

The (sub) discussion was wheather rain water is soft or hard. I say soft, agree or dissagree?

Water evaporates into the air and then is H2O, which on evaporation is neutral pH. However, in the modern world of manufacturing, etc., there are chemicals in the air that the water can collect before falling as rain. In the seventies the phenomenon of acid rain began and I don't know about today but it was a major issue back then. There was one area in Tennessee that had an acid rain problem in the twenties, a century ago, which killed almost all plant life.

Hard water usually means water with calcium carbonate dissolved, which is alkaline, high pH. This usually comes from limestone based terrain, such as found in the southeast USA and other places. Soft water, applied to ground water, usually means water without calcium carbonate or other basic chemicals, but it also means neutral pH, 7.5.

So, rain water in this era of acid rain doesn't really qualify as soft in places where rain is appreciably acid. I haven't kept up with things, but there was an area in the Great Smokies in the eighties, I think, where acid rain changed soil pH enough to kill pine trees that had been growing there for centuries. There was something about aluminum ions in the soil which bound to the roots. I am neither chemist nor botanist and this was outside my area.

The issue in Copper Hills was digging up copper sulfate, cracking it, and releasing sulfur dioxide into the air, which turned rain water into sulfuric acid. Coal burning areas can have high sulfur, too. It all depends on where you are. Some manufacturing releases nitrogen, with similar results.

Thanks Ivan for adding quality into the discussion.

The definition i use for soft or hard water is general hardness measured in dgh less than 3 degrees. As you mentioned the water content of calcium and magnesium. The dgh scale was invented to anticipate how much calcium carbonate a water would create in a steam engine.

There are also dkh, carbonate hardness. That is used to identify a waters stability to ph changes. Also here less than 3 dkh is considered soft water.

Both dgh and dkh is near 0 in rain water and by theese deffinitions soft water. The hardness increase in the water when it travels in our waterways. When it reaches the ocean dgh is measureless/infinite And dkh is around 10.

Neutral ph is 7,0, not 7,5. Low ph is Most common in soft water and high ph in hard water. But there are no fixad ratio Since there are serveral ions that affects ph together with the alkali ions. My rap water is very high in ph but still soft (dkh 2,5).

I am not a chemist, just general interested in nature science.