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I have lots of questions, but feel like have learned a little so far on my journey into bonsai. I have a full spectrum grow light, I usually turn it on for 12-15 hours a day. I have a pot with Pinus and Acacia that were sowed early January so they are 2 months old. I also sowed a a variety of other species a little over 3 weeks ago. I have a heating pad where 7 of the pots sit on and run that 4-6 hours a day. The other 5 pots are just sitting on a cutting board. And I have Japanese Cherry Blossom and Red Maple that I have yet to sow. I see the first sprouting of my Colorado Blue Spruce. All are sowed in organic soil, peat moss with perlite. I put some lava rock at the bottom and some substrate at the top. But its 70% peat moss with perlite.

I think I probably need to move the pinus outside now. We still get snow occasionally, but temperatures through the day range from 30-50 degrees F or 0-10 degrees Celsius. At night it doesn't get colder than -10 degrees C (15 degrees F). I think I might need to move all the spruces and pines outside. For the tropical like the Acacia, I'll probably keep those inside another month or so. But tell me if these thoughts are wrong, or make a recommendation...

Questions:

How do I know if I am watering too much? (My water sensor doesn't seem to work very well, haven't bought chopsticks yet to try that method) I usually will water all of them once I see the organic soil of the two in the plastic pots dry to touch)

Are these biodegradable pots any good? (They get wet and stay wet for a few hours before drying up) Or are plastic pots much better?

For the grow light (on inside ones), should I match the light to the amount of time the sun is out? Some days I leave the light on til 10pm and the sun goes down here by 7-8 pm. (I am in northern hemisphere, west coast of US near Canada) Or does leaving the grow light on for longer impact germination and/or growth once sprouted?

Feel free to leave any tips, or recommendations. I am learning and very open to suggestion.

do NOT put them outside. Your trees have not build up frost hardiness.

Lesson: Best to not sow seeds inside unless they are tropicals