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I’m Heather and I’m a new owner of a zelkova serrata bonsai. I have been following the recommendations on bonsai care- watering it when the soil no longer feels moist, giving it feed once a week, keeping it next to a window. But for some reason the leaves have started to shed, when I try and research whether a zelkova serratas leaves should shed I’m getting very mixed results and would like it if an experienced bonsai owner can advise me.

Hi Heather, welcome to the board.

First things first .That's not a zelkova but a Chinese Elm (Ulmus Parvifolia). They get sold as Zelkova's all the time by ingnorant garden centers.
Second thing, your question has been asked like 6000 times already on this board The leave dropping thing is normal for a Chinese Elm when it changes environment. like all trees this one needs to be kept outside, not inside. It will probably survive inside but will not be happy at all.I'd put it outside asap so it can adjust to outside temperatures before winter kicks in.

Also Chinese elms normally keep their leaves but don't be surprised if it drops the in winter anyway. It all epends on where you live and what the weather is like there.
Your soil looks like a standard potting soil. I'd replace it with a classic bonsai soil early spring next year. You should do some reasearch about that. Now the roots aren't getting enough air/drainage.